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Central Banks and Global Crises

2010-03-05T22:50:00.001-08:00

The worldwide credit crisis that began with the collapse of the housing market in the United States in 2008 was just one of many crises that central banks and other financial authorities have had to deal with during the first part of the 21st century.
But the enormity of the 2008 financial collapse required government and central bank intervention never before seen in the global economy. After Lehman Brothers, one of America's biggest investment banks, was allowed to go bankrupt, the Federal Reserve was required to bail out AIG, the world's largest insurance company. The $85 billion bailout was, until then, the biggest bailout in American economic history.
Stock market declines of more than 50% in some countries presaged a global economic meltdown. The concerted action of the world's central banks, including the U.S. Federal Reserve, the Bank of England, the European Central Bank, and the Bank of Japan, helped calm things down for a while. Just as the speed of an engine is regulated by its fuel supply, a country's economy is controlled by regulating its money supply- and each country's monetary policy is the responsibility of its central bank. In Britain, it's the Bank of England; in Switzerland, it's The Swiss National Bank; in the United States, it's the Federal Reserve; in the euro zone countries, it's the European Central Bank; and in Japan, it's the Bank of Japan. Despite the tendency of the media to concentrate on the latest economic statistic, there is no one single indicator that tells us how fast an economy is growing- or if that growth will lead to inflation down the road. And, unfortunately, there is no way to know how quickly an economy will respond to changes in monetary policy. If a country's central bank allows the economy to expand too rapidly- by keeping too much money in circulation, for example- it may cause "bubbles" and inflation. If it slows down the economy too much, an economic recession can result, bringing financial turmoil and rampant unemployment.
Central bankers, therefore, need to be prescient- and extremely careful- keeping one eye on inflation, which is the product of an overheating economy, and one eye on unemployment, which is the product of a slowing economy. In the 21st century economy, however, regulating money supply has become a much more difficult task. Inflation and unemployment have become the yin and the yang of the 21st- century economy. It used to be that reports of a surging economy brought euphoria to the markets. Reduced unemployment means that companies are forced to pay higher wages for scarce workers, and prices of goods and services need to be raised to pay for the increased cost.
In a booming economy, inflation can grow quickly as consumers and businesses begin to compete for increasingly scarce goods and services- and scarcity leads to higher prices. The result is usually a vicious circle of wage and price increases that end up hurting almost everyone- especially those on fixed incomes, who see their buying power decline when prices rise.
The international markets watch each country's inflation rate carefully- always on the lookout for signs that an economy is stalling or overheating. International investors, including gigantic pension funds, hedge funds, and international banks, move billions and sometime trillions of dollars, pounds, euros, and yen around the world on any given day, looking for the best return on their investment. When a country's economy looks like it is growing too strongly, and inflation is about to rear its ugly head, international investors can move their money out of an economy at a moment's notice, preferring to invest their funds in countries with more stable economic growth and low inflation.
Just as a prudent driver keeps an eye on the road ahead, a country's central bank tries to keep the economy on a steady course. Central bankers need to look at all the economic data, such as factory orders, housing starts, consumer credit, retail sales, manufacturing, construction and employment figures-some of which are leading and some of which are lagging indicators-in an ongoing effort to keep the economy from overheating or sliding into recession.

The Central Bank

2010-03-05T22:48:00.000-08:00

The central bank has two very important functions within the economic system of a country. The first is to preserve the value of the currency and maintain price stability, its primary tool for this purpose is the management of interest rates. When using the gold standard, the value of banknotes issued by central banks was expressed in terms of gold content, or possibly someone else, the bank tried to maintain certain levels over time.
The second is to maintain financial system stability, since the central bank is the bank of banks, their clients are not ordinary people or specific companies, but the State and existing banks within the territory of the nation to which it belongs. The central bank takes deposits from its customers and keeps them in accounts which they have in him. With these transactions for clients' accounts with other banks through the payment and clearing systems (SNCF, TARGET2), as an individual in a commercial bank account used for transactions with another individual. In turn, the central bank also provides loans to banks with liquidity problems, or to other states.
Normally, in circumstances of war, governments in a country solve their financial needs with its own central bank.
Central banks are in
* Custodians and administrators of the gold and currency reserves;
* Providers of legal tender;
* Perpetrators of exchange rate policies;
* Responsible for monetary and price stability;
* Service treasury services and financial agents of the Public Debt of national governments;
* Lender of last resort (banks banks);
* Promoters of the proper functioning of financial system stability and payments systems;

Mathematics in Computer Programming

2010-03-04T12:03:00.000-08:00

Mathematics is applicable in various traditional fields of engineering: mechanical and electrical engineering are among them. Mathematics is used in computer engineering too.
As Venn diagrams are helpful in understanding the concepts of logic, they are also helpful in the programming. For instance, De Morgan's laws are used in writing statements involving decisions and Venn diagrams are helpful in understanding these laws.

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Calculations are also important in the science of computers. The text you read on the computer screen is presented in a particular format. Geometry is used in the development of graphics. Actually a graphics screen resembles the co-ordinate plane. Just as we have points in the co-ordinate plane, we have pixels on the graphics screen. Though there are endlessly many points in any bounded part of the plane, while the number of pixels on the graphics screen is limited, yet the techniques of coordinate geometry can be used in drawing various figures on the graphics screen.
Various transformations play a part in the development of software. As the graphs are useful in understanding different kinds of transformations, these help understand, in particular the Pop and Push transformations too.
The classical computer programming language namely 'the C language' makes a lot of use of mathematics. Different graphics commands of this language are based on the mathematical logic.

MIT Computer Science Degree Has the Highest Recognition

2010-03-04T12:02:00.000-08:00

Located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is one of the best-known universities across the world. The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is one of two private land-grant universities. Essentially a private university, MIT comprises of five schools and one college. The institution lays strong emphasis on scientific and technological research and is known for its expertise in the same. Earning your degree from MIT means a lot as it holds high repute across borders. This is why there are numerous aspirants that seek a MIT degree in various subjects. These could be a degree in mathematics, arts, zoology, music, healthcare or even a MIT computer science degree.

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The famed MIT computer science degree is known not just for the repute it holds worldwide but also for the enriching learning experience that it offers to the students. The MIT degree offers high quality education to the students, which is why the degree is acknowledged even the biggest of corporate honchos. The quality of the education served at MIT is evident from the fact that institution has a number of noble prizes to its credit. 'Excellence in engineering' seems to be the motto of the institute as suggests their alumni that have held their name in their respective fields. Some of the notable alumni of the institution include names like Col. Buzz Aldrin, NASA Astronaut; IM Pei, world-renowned designer and architect; Robert Metcalfe, inventor of Ethernet.
If you are enrolling yourself at MIT, you can undertake several programs in computer science. These could be an undergrad program, a bachelor's degree, or even a master's in computer science. All these programs serve you with the quality education and prepare you for an astounding career in IT. Though there are several subjects that you are taught as a part of a MIT computer science degree, artificial intelligence and aerospace engineering continue to be some key specialties of the institution. The program focuses on the accomplishment of specific tasks that are complex and need an accurate definition.
The MIT computer science degree helps you make a bright and prospering career in almost every area. Computer algorithms, games and graphics, computer architecture, software engineering, computer security?there are so many fields that you could choose from. Sounds interesting. Head to MIT now and get set for a rocking career.

The Magic of Mathematics

2010-03-04T11:59:00.000-08:00

I remember when I took mathematics back in high school. It was a drag! Many problems with few given solutions at the back of my mathematics book and many times my teachers just didn't take the time to work the homework problems, so I got quite frustrated. They were busy meeting the demands of the principle and delivering the curricula that was set for them.
So, they were poor slaves in the educational system. However, despite this frustration, I also found great "grace" in mathematics. In fact, I complete five mathematics courses in four years during high school (algebra, geometry, algebra two, precalculus and calculus), and even considered a career as an actuarial mathematician.

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However, over the years after college, I feel in love with computers and computer science, programming, software, documentation, but have taken steps recently to recapture my love for mathematics. I finished my MS Mathematics Education Degree at Nova Southeastern University and have thus recaptured my math skills. Math is magical because it helps you to "reason" your way through a problem in small steps until a final solution is determined.
Math, in many ways, is philosophical and helps the student learn to reason from within the parameters of certain math principles and laws. In the world of business, we are presented with parameters at a job or on a project, so must work toward a solution, but at the same time respect the very parameters that define the project. Mathematics is a great skill and should be applied in business - in accounting and finance alike. Professionals from both professions have much to gain by opening their old math books and working some problems. They are getting back in touch with the essence of their decision making abilities. This can translate back to them in many ways - and soon they will find themselves succeeding at work and in all number-crunching endeavors.

Careers For Math Majors

2010-03-04T11:57:00.001-08:00

What careers are open to a person with a degree in mathematics? If you're like most people then you'll probably answer this question by answering "math teacher". With a bit more thought you may even think of other careers such as actuary, statistician, or even forecaster. Yet, the career paths for those who hold a degree in mathematics are many. While the ability to solve a partial differential equation or stochastic process may be of use in a few particular circumstances, the skills learned when studying mathematics can be applied to solving problems in an almost infinite array of careers.

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Logical thinking is a core of mathematical thought. The student of mathematics learns and develops his or her skills in logical thinking in a number of ways chief among them is the writing of proofs. The writing of proofs provides the student with a structured and disciplined approach to taking the discrete parts of a problem and arriving at a solution in a logical manner.
This ability to think logically is a skill that is valuable and in fact necessary to solve problems and be successful in a wide range of careers including many not typically associated with holders of a degree in mathematics. What skills does a lawyer need? Or even a business strategist? Of course a lawyer needs to know the law and pass the Bar Exam in they state(s) he or she chooses to practice in. A business strategist needs to know something about financial accounting, marketing, economics, and other related fields. However, to be successful in their jobs they also require the ability to effectively and clearly communicate how apparently unrelated pieces of evidence lead to and support a specific conclusion.
Granted, the reader may object that a degree in mathematics isn't the only means by which one can learn to think logically. More importantly, the skills learned by those who study mathematics are transferable to other realms of endeavor and will allow these students to succeed in numerous career paths, even those not primarily quantitative in nature.
Learning mathematics provides the basics necessary for almost any career one can conceive of pursuing. You gain the ability to clearly structure the different parts of a problem and solve them in a logical manner. This skill is a fundamental factor for success in most undertakings whether you apply it in the realm of business, education, or even law.

A Degree in Mathematics

2010-03-04T11:55:00.000-08:00

In modern-day society, almost every career and occupation involves math. Whether it is law enforcement, business and management, education, or engineering, a person will encounter mathematics in one form or another. There is no doubt about it; if a young person wants an interesting and successful career in the future, he or she should pursue a degree in mathematics.
Even with my limited education and experience, I can see the importance of math in several aspects of life. On a very basic level, everyone needs to know simple arithmetic to carry out daily needs. Although mathematical situations do not always relate to a finances-someone might be building a porch or shed, using mathematics in an architectural way-they usually do, when relating to a person's daily, and personal, life.

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Most successful people in modern society have a job or occupation. These jobs involve different mathematical applications, depending on the requirements and situations. An accountant has duties and obligations separate from those of an engineer, but a core of mathematics exists in both careers. But why exactly should a person pursue a major in mathematics? Math lays the foundation for any career that a person might want to pursue. An accountant or secretary may use logistics and statistics; a chemist will determine quantities of molecules by using mathematical formulas; an engineer will use his knowledge of physics and architecture to construct an efficient building.
The United States government as a whole, along with officials and scientists all around the world, fully embraces the ability of mathematics. Each day there are new discoveries in mathematics. These discoveries, and the inventions that follow, can be applied to the daily lives of citizens, to national defense, or to further investigations of astronomy; the possibilities are infinite. In fact, the U.S. government recognizes the American Mathematical Society. Founded in 1888 to further the interests of mathematics research, the AMS provides national and international communities with objectives and conclusions of its meetings and publications. Given the commitment, a person could easily acquire notice in the mathematical world, and even receive an offer to work for the federal government.
It goes without saying that another major could be useful for a career in the future; successful writers, actors, doctors, lawyers, civil workers, and others surround us. But, a major in mathematics will be the most useful, especially if the student desires a career that is constantly developing and expanding.

Advantages of Mathematics

2010-03-04T11:53:00.000-08:00

Many of us wondered about the advantages of Mathematics during our childhood days. Many of us were not able to comprehend the benefits of mathematics beyond the daily usage of calculating simple numbers. Let us see in detail what are some of the benefits of learning mathematics and marveling at this arduous subject at early age.
The importance of mathematics is two-fold, it is important in the advancement of science and two, it is important in our understanding of the workings of the universe. Mathematics equips pupils with a uniquely powerful set of tools to understand and change the world. These tools include logical reasoning, problem-solving skills, and the ability to think in abstract ways. Mathematics is important in everyday life, many forms of employment, science and technology, medicine, the economy, the environment and development, and in public decision-making.

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One should also be aware of the wide importance of Mathematics, and the way in which it is advancing at a spectacular rate. Mathematics is about pattern and structure; it is about logical analysis, deduction, calculation within these patterns and structures. When patterns are found, often in widely different areas of science and technology, the mathematics of these patterns can be used to explain and control natural happenings and situations. Mathematics has a pervasive influence on our everyday lives, and contributes to the wealth of the individual.
The study of mathematics can satisfy a wide range of interests and abilities. It develops the imagination. It trains in clear and logical thought. It is a challenge, with varieties of difficult ideas and unsolved problems, because it deals with the questions arising from complicated structures. Increasingly, employers are looking for graduates with strong skills in reasoning and problem solving - just the skills that are developed in a mathematics and statistics degree.
The computing industry employs mathematics graduates; indeed, many university computing courses are taught by mathematicians. Mathematics is used to create the complex programming at the heart of all computing. Also cryptography, a form of pure mathematics, is deployed to encode the millions of transactions made hourly via the Internet and when we use debit or credit cards. Mathematics and Computer Science is a popular degree choice, and four-year degrees with a placement in industry are also available. The latter give graduates plenty of relevant experience to increase their employability.
Mathematics led to the perfect ratios shown in Renaissance painting. The study of astronomy in the early times of its inception demanded the expansion of our understanding of mathematics and made possible such realizations as the size and weight of the earth, our distance from the sun, the fact that we revolve around it, and other discoveries that allowed us to move forward in our body of knowledge without which we would not have any of our modern marvels of technology.
The computer itself is a machine built upon the principles of mathematics, being an invention so important as to bring about an economic revolution of efficiency in data communication and processing.

STEM Degrees

2010-03-04T11:51:00.000-08:00

STEM Degrees - The Key to Landing Your Dream Job

Earning a degree in the STEM (Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) fields can land you the job of your dreams. Whether you are exploring the options of becoming a biologist or chemist, or you'd like to attempt a career at finance; obtaining your STEM degree could be the key to success in a number of fields.
Career paths in the sciences can lead to almost any industry: Manufacturing, medicine, or microeconomics. You could map out a career path in atmospheric science, biology, chemistry, physics, or science technology. A degree in engineering technology could launch your career in a number of fields. Many engineering technologists assist engineers and scientists, especially in research and development. Others work in quality control -- inspecting products and processes, conducting tests, or collecting data. In manufacturing, they may assist in product design, development, or production.
Statistics show that most employers prefer to hire engineering technologists with at least an Associate's degree in engineering technology. Some universities and educational institutions offer only two year associate degrees, others offer three or four year Bachelor's degree programs, and some offer both degrees. Earning an online degree is ideal for maintaining a flexible schedule, especially a Bachelor's degree.

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A degree in Mathematics is the first step to a career in computer programming.Computer programmers write and maintain code that computers must execute to perform their functions. Programmers often follow descriptions prepared by systems analysts. Code may be used to solve a very specific problem on one project or it may become part of a library of codes used by many to solve similar problems.
A degree in Finance is useful for a career in accounting, but also in your daily activities, too. If your interest lies in the field of medical technology, you may want to consider earning a degree in diagnostics, or as a pharmacy technician. Being able to read x-rays and ultrasounds could help improve the quality of life of others. Diagnostic imaging includes procedures such as x-ray and magnetic resonance imaging. These imaging technologies use ionizing radiation or radio waves. Sonography, or ultrasonography, is the use of sound waves to generate an image for the assessment and diagnosis of various medical conditions.

Education Loans For Online Courses

2010-03-04T10:31:00.000-08:00

There are many reasons to obtain education loans for online courses if you are interested in obtaining a degree or a certificate. These reasons to get government loans for school include your finances, time, and they are government loans.
Student loans for online courses can be from the government or through a private lender. It is always best to obtain government loans for schooling. The government is the best route to go because they are not private loans. Private loans affect your credit and they are not treated as government loans. The government offers everyone that is a citizen the right to go to school and attend college courses to work toward a degree program. The loan maximum value each person is entitled to is $140,000 in a lifetime. This amount of money can help pay for a bachelor's degree, masters program, and even a doctorate. Certificates can also qualify for government loans.
Education loans for online courses from the government are beneficial because they give you breathing room with your finances. If you are trying to go to school and pay for it on your own then it can be very expensive. If you don't pay your study course tuition then you will be kicked out of a class or you will not get credit. Government loans not only give you money to pay for attending the classes, but the loans also include additional money to help you live. The money will be dispersed to the school and the remaining balance each quarter will be given to you to help you with your living expenses. This is because the government expects people to work and make less money while they are going to college courses.
Time is a very big benefit when you obtain student loans from the government. The government recognizes that you need to focus on your education to get a good job to start a career. They do not require you to pay on your student loans until you have completed your degree program. If you are in a bad financial situation, the government allows for people to defer their repayment for up to three years. A private loan for college would never offer the benefits or work with you financially on your student loans.
Education loans for online courses are very beneficial when you cannot afford to go back to school and earn a degree. The government loans are the only route to go because private lenders do not offer benefits and they may not even wait for you to complete your degree program. Government student loans are available for everyone.

Personal Bank

2010-03-04T10:25:00.000-08:00

Personal Bank Loans

There are many mistakes that can be made when taking out a loan of any size. There is one rule that applies to all and that is the rule of penalization. You also have to pay back the exact amount of money specified. When you take out a loan you are entering into a legal agreement with the lender and both parties have to abide by the rules.
Personal bank loans work according to the rules. If you are late with a payment you are going to have to pay a higher interest rate. This is a penalty that is applied every time you are late with a payment. It also applies if you only make a partial payment. Even if you have a very good relationship with your bank you are still going to be penalized for a late payment or partial payment. It is essential that you know the more you break the rule the more you are going to pay in interest rates. This is how the bank and other lenders make money. The reason many people prefer personal bank loans rather any other is because the banks tend to charge lower rates than other lenders.
If you want to take advantage of personal bank loans then make sure you check the interest rates of a variety of banks. You can do this easily by requesting a list of online quotes. Choose a site that offers this service and it will save you time in choosing a bank and getting the money you need.

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What is Intelligence?

2010-03-04T01:48:00.000-08:00

When people talk about a person's 'intelligence' it is not generally clear what underlying ability or abilities this term refers to. This article is intended to clarify in layman's terms what psychologists and brain scientists can mean by intelligence. Basically, there are two good theories--and scientists are divided on which is the best theory--and one bad one which all scientists I know of reject. A good theory is one that is supported by the evidence; a bad theory is one that is not.

Official IQ tests such as the WAIS-IV claim to measure individual differences in an underlying ' level of cognitive ability given by a single number--your IQ or intelligence quotient. But is it true that there is a single underlying mental ability that we differ in and that explains what makes us different in our cognitive abilities? If someone is good at maths, are they also likely to be good at language comprehension, reasoning, thinking analogically, learning languages and general knowledge, due to their underlying 'intelligence level', as this theory implies?
Or are there 'multiple intelligences' underlying out abilities--perhaps dozens or even hundreds of them--each independent from each other, and measured by different types of test. If you have an ability in mathematics, is this ability completely unrelated to your ability in learning languages or play general knowledge games like trivial pursuit? If this is the case, is the idea of having a single IQ score quite meaningless? Or alternatively, are there a small number of underlying cognitive abilities (perhaps two or three) that we differ in, which are relatively independent from each other--and which together explain most the differences in our cognitive abilities?
1. The theory of general intelligence (g)--a good theory
A long standing an influential theory for our cognitive abilities states that underlying all our cognitive abilities (math, language comprehension, general knowledge) is a single factor--called general intelligence (also known as unitary intelligence, general cognitive ability, or simply 'g' ) that individuals differ on and which explains those differences.
Spearman (1923) proposed that underlying all cognitive abilities a 'general ability' factor (g) that all the abilities draw on. Individuals differ in g according to a bell curve distribution on this theory. g can be thought of in terms of information processing power. Some people --those with higher g--can process more information, more efficiently than others. Using a computer analogy, they have more RAM. The more RAM a computer has, the more complex and information-intensive the programs that can be run on it. If you have an IQ of 160 like Quentin Tarantino has, you have lots of RAM, large 'bandwidth' for processing information. If you have an IQ of 78 like Muhammad Ali as a young man (whose IQ was measured by the army), then you have less RAM. Muhammad Ali had many talents, but according to the unitary intelligence theory, intelligence wasn't one of them.
The evidence for this theory is the same evidence that allows us to reject the theory of multiple intelligences. All standardized tests of cognitive ability (and there are dozens of them, measuring a wide range of different abilities) are positively correlated--not perfectly, but to a large degree. This means that if someone scores higher than average on one of those tests, they are likely to score higher than average on all the other tests--even ones that appear totally unrelated. Scoring higher in an arithmetic test means you will probably also score higher in a vocabulary test. This remains true, even when you take other factors like educational background, or family socioeconomic status into account. This is compelling evidence that there is a single underlying level of cognitive ability that is applied to each of the tests and that performance on one test is not independent from performance on another as the multiple intelligence theory claims.
Spearman (1904)--the psychologist who first proposed the g theory--argued that the variance (the person to person variation) of performance between individuals on ANY cognitive task can be attributed to just two underlying factors: g (general intelligence) and s --the skill unique to that particular task. A person could invest relatively more time into developing a specific skill such as arithmetic, and this will raise their score on an arithmetic test relative to another test such as vocabulary that they didn't train or practice on, but their general intelligence g will still account for most of their performance on the arithmetic test. G is still the most important factor in explaining levels of performance, whatever the test.
2. The theory of multiple intelligences-a bad theory Spearman's 'g' theory is the opposite of the theory of multiple intelligences. The theory of multiple intelligence is an appealing one because it gives some room for everyone to have their own unique strengths in 'intelligence'. If I take up a technical trade and become good at it, and find that I am struggling with reading fiction, this doesn't necessarily mean that I have a special 'intelligence' for technical thinking and have no ability for reading or language. If I had spent as much time reading fiction as I have applying myself to technical problems, chances are I'd be good at that.
3. The theory of fluid intelligence (gF) and crystallized intelligence (gC)--another good theory
This theory builds on the general intelligence theory, and was originally proposed by the psychologist Raymond Cattell back in 1943. It holds that g is meaningful--that we each have a different general intelligence level-- but contributing to g are two different types of intelligence: fluid intelligence (gF) and crystallized intelligence (gC ). Fluid g is the ability to reason and problem solve with novel tasks or in unfamiliar contexts (measured reasoning tasks), while crystallized g is defined as acquired knowledge and is measured using tests of general knowledge, mathematics, and vocabulary. This dual way of understanding intelligence allows for knowledge that you have built up in particular areas to compensate for limitations in overall reasoning and problem solving ability-- our 'raw intelligence'. You may succeed due to knowledge about a task or domain (crystallized g), or due to sheer mental 'horsepower' (fluid g).
Where the idea of 'multiple intelligences' makes sense: as crystallized intelligence that we invest in
Our crystallized intelligence allows for 'multiple intelligences'. You could have a high level of crystallized intelligence in graphic design, for example, while having only an average level of fluid intelligence. But you will only be able to use your crystallized intelligence for graphic design in situations in which you are familiar and have built up expertise. Unless you have a high level of fluid intelligence when you are confronted with an unfamiliar problem in graphic design--something 'out of context', requiring some difficult figuring out-then you are likely to have difficulties. On the flip side, if you have a high level of fluid intelligence, it will take you less time to pick up graphic design (or whatever) skills as you learn your basic skill set. In general, the more fluid intelligence you have the more you will be able to 'invest' it into crystallized intelligence skills and knowledge--the more 'multiple intelligences' you will be able to develop if you so wish. Summary
Looking at all the evidence, both the general intelligence (g) theory, and the fluid intelligence (gF) and crystallized intelligence (gC) are well supported and useful in explaining how we differ in our cognitive abilities. In my view, the fluid and crystallized theory is the more insightful and useful. It helps me understand intelligence-and how we can improve it-better. For instance, research shows that you can do a specific type of 'working memory' brain training to increase your fluid intelligence level substantially--but this training does not directly affect your crystallized intelligence.

Online Math Tutoring Works

2010-03-04T01:46:00.000-08:00

Math tutorial refines the skills and visualizes mathematical concepts with greater understanding. The program offers animated lessons and worksheets in order to help learn math the conventional way. Tutorials maintain children's interest while leaving out the fear of computing. Online learning is also a reliable form of a parent's assistance in home schooling.
How it works
Online tutorial begins while planning the program and tackling about the skills needed by a person. A diagnostic test will determine the strength and learning styles of a person. The tutor will then customize a study program in order to match the student's learning capabilities.
They will create materials and instructions over the net. Learning skills will then move up into a higher level after every scheduled session. Hence, answering questions and giving explanations are most effective way of learning interaction.
A one-on-one chat with the use of instant messaging and interactive whiteboard can be used to support visuals for in-depth teaching, especially done by most online teachers. After each lesson, printable worksheets and computer-generated quizzes are answered so as to show how a person can easily understand the subject. Online tutorials also offer mind boggling educational math games for kids. This is usually done after the formal study program. Game interactions with the use of computers, playing an important part in enhancing a child's logical thinking.
What to offer
Various sites offer free demos to interested individuals who want to avail of the tutorial. This would include the following:
o Educational resources
o Fun teaching activities
o Games
o Online Solvers and Graphing tools
o Metric Conversions
o Lesson Plan Guide
o Review notes to professionals.
o Articles about Math and Education
o Study Tips
Advantages
An online Math tutorial offers the following:
o One-on-one tutorial sessions.
o Focused attention in studying.
o Interactive visuals and animations while learning.
o Sense stimulation using computer screen, headset and digital writing pad.
o Help in solving homework problems.
o Support centers for reviews and references.
Most sites offer math resources that you can choose from. Here are a few:
Elementary
o Addition and Subtraction
o Place Value
o Clock
o Money
o Multiplication and Division
o Math Facts
o Four Operations
o Number Theory and Factoring
Middle and High level
o Geometry
o Decimals
o Percentage
o Integers
o Graphs, Statistics and Probability
o Algebra, Trigonometry
o Calculus
All Levels
o Problem Solving and projects
o Logic Proof
o Math History, Games
o Reviews
o Math Curricula
Finding a Credible Math Tutorial Company
Searching for the perfect math tutor usually takes time. Parents should be aware who owns or manages these companies. Professional educators must be capable enough to handle any given situation.
Some of the online tutorials includes: SOS Math, World of Math, Tutorzilla, TCY, PREGED, MathPlayground, Teacher's Lab and many others.
At current, children can burden hating math and doing better in school because of math tutorials. Even various online sites can provide extra so as to help make studying more convenient and easy. Parents and children should also practice discipline and commitment, especially in maximizing the benefits of these tutorials. Most modern parents who work at home may even help their siblings and basically introduce them to the importance of high tech learning.
Math tutorial done online is more economical.

Conquering the Fear of Math

2010-03-04T01:45:00.000-08:00

Solve for X
26x^4 + 13x^3 - 4x^2 + 32 = 36854
Does the above math equation leave your kid completely perplexed? Are you completely lost and confused when you think about helping your kid do their math homework? Fear of math is a universal phenomenon with kids across grades, geographies and education curriculums and this fear severely impacts their performance. To conquer the fear your kids need to dig deep, understand and confront it head on!
There are many types of fear, which are related to math. The more common ones range from math being too complex, too time consuming or weak fundamental concepts. Math is complex and tough to understand!
It's true that math involves some very complex equations and numbers like the one above. The best way to overcome complex problems is to break it down into smaller parts. Most math concepts are made of "little parts" or skills that you may have learned in the past which form the building blocks of your math foundation. Once your kids can break down the particular problem, they may discover that they are weak in some basic concepts or key steps which define the problem. One of the best ways for them to strengthen those concepts is to revisit and practice those concepts for a grade lower than their current grade. Math is not interesting!
Most kids find math boring when compared to the arts and language subjects. Schools have further accentuated the problem by providing interesting views which help to spark the kid's interest and curiosity in arts and language subjects but not for math. Yet math can be made very interesting when related to real life problems and its unlimited applications in our daily lives. Many times, math poses challenges that can be amazingly gratifying to conquer. One of the other fears which consistently resonates amongst kids is the perceived time commitment that math involves. In reality, you need to be smart about the way your kid approaches math and one of the things that has proven to help many kids is regular practice. You need to have your kid set aside some time everyday to regularly practice math and refresh math concepts. The key lies in focusing on one math concept at a time and setting aside time on a regular basis for learning and refreshing those concepts. It's normal for kids to resist devoting an hour of their thoughts on math homework. I'm not wired for math I've heard many kids say "Math is not for me" or "I'm just not wired for math". There is no such proven theory which proves that one person is better than the other at math. While studies show that there are different brain types, the difference lies in the approach you take to solve a problem. In short, your kids are no different when compared to other kids. One factor that affects math performance more than any other is confidence. Studies do show that positive thinking can dramatically improve math performance. Fear of Math like any other ordinary fear can easily be eliminated by essentially confronting it and strengthening your foundation.

Mathematics Concepts and Skills

2010-03-04T01:43:00.000-08:00

Over the last couple of decades there has been a decreasing emphasis on the importance of repetition of mathematics concepts and skills in the learning of this subject. The emphasis has shifted more toward thinking skills and "working outside the square", meaning being able to apply problem solving skills to real life situations. This has been accompanied by an increase in the amount of written material in secondary school math textbooks and a decrease in the amount of repetitive exercises where only the basic mathematical skill is practiced.

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The problem lies with its fundamental assumption that students already possess the basic skills needed for problem solving. In maths, it is not possible to "work outside the square" unless one is competent with all the skills contained within the square. For example, a student will not be able to solve a problem concerning the amount of wire needed to fence Farmer Brown's paddock unless they can accurately calculate perimeter first.
Being able to complete repetitive textbook exercises does not guarantee success in application problems. What it does do is give students the tools they need to tackle problems beyond the textbook. Attempting to solve abstract problems without a solid skill base is like building a house on sand; it is a futile exercise.
This situation can be compared to physical training. One can understand the benefits of being able to build muscle through exercise, but unless you do this you will fail when it comes to the application task of weight lifting. Math works the same way. Repetition of basic skills builds the skill so that it becomes a reflex. When a skill is a reflex it can be applied to other situations. Possessing the skill does not guarantee success in the application, but it does allow for that success.
The role of repetition of basic skills in maths needs to be re-examined in the context of primary and lower secondary education. Without a firm foundation of numeracy skills to build on, students will continue to struggle with maths throughout their school careers.

5 Ways to Become a Better Math Student

2010-03-04T01:39:00.000-08:00

Ever heard the phrase "anyone can do math"? Well, anyone can do math, but it is more challenging for some students. For some people math comes natural, for others, it is seems to be a relentless task. All across the nation, math standards are being raised. Students are expected to do more and perform better. What if your child is struggling? There are a few ways to become a better math student.

1. Pay attention in class All too often, students fail to pay attention in class. Possibly, when a student first fails to understand a concept, he will shut down as he thinks there is no use. Encourage your child to continue to pay attention because many students have a difficult time understanding the beginning of a concept. If they will simply hang in and be persistent oftentimes it all comes together, and then the "light bulb comes on".

2. Talk to your child's teacher. As a teacher, I can assure you that we do not mind consulting with you. We do not take it personally when a student does not understand a lesson. Sometimes, simply knowing the parent is involved with the student will encourage the teacher to pay more attention to the learning style of the child. Also, as you talk to the teacher, ask the teacher if there is a way your child can get a copy of the notes, so that he can listen more in class, rather than trying to copy problems and listen at the same time.

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3. Have your child explain concepts to you. Even though he may not do a perfect job, he will learn from it. I can assure you that I learned a lot more about math as I taught it, than I ever did from sitting in a classroom. This simple strategy will engage the student's mind, and transform him from a passive learner to an active one. Another advantage to this strategy is that as he talks aloud about the concept he will be better able to identify the gaps. And, as you listen and learn yourself, you will find that it is possible for you to help him fill in those gaps.

4. Peak your child's interest in math. Help your child find practical uses for mathematics. Find television shows that encourage the use of mathematics. A great one is the CBS series Numb3rs. Incorporate mathematical strategies into your everyday life. Let your student help reconcile your bank statement; figure out how much money he can save in different savings plans; find the best values at the grocery store; calculate the amount a new video game (including tax) may cost and how much he would need to save each week to be able to purchase it; and finally point out every case in which math comes up in your life.

5. Hire a tutor. Sometimes a child needs one-on-one instruction. Even if a tutor explains a concept the exact same way as the student's teacher, it makes a difference when the focus is completely on him, rather than divided among the other 30 or so students in the room. Your child will be much more willing to ask questions with a tutor (www.tutorfi.com/jackiebrown) and not be afraid to admit when he doesn't understand. Be sure the tutor is able to incorporate the above strategies into each session. In today's time, online tutoring is booming, a huge advantage to this is the neat and interesting ways math is learned over the internet. But, make sure the tutor is willing to stay in contact with you and discuss the needs of the child.

Real World Math

2010-03-04T01:37:00.000-08:00

While redecorating my son's bedroom, my husband came to me to give me an update on his progress. "I've taped off the bottom 2/3 of the wall," he informed me. Alarm bells went off in my head since the room that I'd envisioned had the bottom 1/3 of the wall covered with the dark blue paint he was using. Fortunately my husband had merely misspoken, but had I not understood the difference between 2/3 and 1/3, I wouldn't have caught his mistake. Because I understand fractions, I was able to ensure that only a small portion of the room was painted dark blue. Math skills are not like the discarded gym uniform that your child will leave behind when he leaves high school. So which math skills are the most important to understand in preparation for the real world?

Geometry
Any type of painting, carpentry, or home decorating is going to require geometry skills. From rearranging a room, so that the furniture makes it appear larger, to measuring for a bookcase, geometry is used often by homeowners. Understanding space and how objects fit into that space is also a valuable skill when shopping for a home. Homes that are on the market do not always have furniture in them to give a buyer an idea of how furniture fits into that space. A vacant home will appear larger to the buyer until he begins to move his furniture into his home and realizes that it doesn't fit well. Knowledge of geometry will help your child make wise decisions.

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Algebra
One of the first big purchases your child will probably make is a car. Understanding how to calculate a car payment is important when deciding on a car budget. Algebra teaches a student how to logically solve a multi-faceted problem. Understanding how to look at a problem and logically figure out what value is unknown is a vital life skill.
Percentages and Fractions
Algebra is not the only math skill used when buying a car. Understanding percentages is an important part of understanding interest rates. Often car dealers will get the buyer to focus on the monthly payment, rather than the interest rate the buyer will be paying. This is because the interest rate is where the bank makes its money. When an inexperienced buyer focuses only on the monthly payment and not on the interest rate, that buyer can end up paying more money to the bank and getting a lower value vehicle. Savings accounts have different interest rates, and knowing how to shop for a good interest rate is important. Budgets, savings plans, and even cooking are all everyday areas where your child will use his math skills.
Statistics
If your child is a sports fan, he probably already has a pretty good knowledge of statistics. From understanding what his odds are in a friendly game of poker to knowing the batting average of a favorite player, statistics are an important part of the sports culture. It is also important for your child to understand how statistics are formed. The media is famous for quoting statistics that support a story, but sometimes statistics can be misleading. Understanding how statistics are created, used, and sometimes abused is an important part of picking through the myriad of facts available in the media.
Understanding higher-level math is vital in the real world. Many students wonder when they'll ever have to solve an algebra equation in real life, but the fact is that they'll need those skills every day. Cooking, budgeting, and other small everyday tasks require an understanding of math, and so do big decisions that involve major investments from your child. You want your child to be equipped to make wise decisions. If your child is struggling and questioning the need for really understanding math, get him the help he needs. If his teacher can't help and you find that you aren't able to devote the time that he needs, consider hiring a professional math tutor. Lacking math skills in today's world is not an option. One-on-one tutoring can help your child gain the math skills he needs for life.

Help Your Kids Learn Math

2010-03-04T01:34:00.000-08:00

Math has become a four letter word. That's the feedback I keep getting from parents sitting at their kitchen tables trying to help their kids navigate through their math homework. Have you tried to help your kid with math lately?
Somewhere along the way a new math language has been formed and kids as well as parents are having a hard time speaking and understanding it. When did borrowing become regrouping and lowest terms become simplifying? According to a 2005 study funded by the U.S. Department of Education, children in the United States perform consistently below most of their global peers. We are failing math as a whole - teachers, students, and parents. The teachers are doing their best to keep up with steep standards that are imposed. We, as parents try to relate to today's math by showing our children how to do it the way we were taught back in the dark ages. Sadly, it's the kids who end up suffering as they bring home poor grades, feel like failures, and learn to fear math.

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Even kids who are naturally good at math will experience panic over upcoming tests. Not sure how to study or what to study, they are left to their own devices. And, it has occurred to many parents that their own children's math abilities have superseded their own. Sloppy habits affect other students. They don't want to write out each step but instead prefer to "just do it in their heads". It takes them forever to do a few problems because they often daydream instead of bearing down and just doing the work. To top it all off, math today requires a lot of reading. Poor readers are penalized even if they are good at math computation. Eventually kids learn to avoid math and even fear it.
So, what can we, as parents do to help kids who are speaking this new math language? Make sure that emotion is taken out of the equation. Take the fear and pressure off of the student by staying calm and keeping the student relaxed. Let them show you how their teacher does it and you copy that method.

Make sure that kids have a strong number sense. Counting out loud, counting by three's, four's, etc. can help.
Math is sequential. The student may need some missing parts filled in. It's easy to do with workbooks from teacher supply stores. If the student is failing algebra, chances are he/she doesn't have a strong math base of fractions and decimals.

For long division to be accomplished the student must know multiplication facts. Traditional flashcards may not work. Have them write their facts in sand or shaving cream. "Feeling" math facts can help them stick.

Break the math into small chunks. Sometimes kids look five pages ahead and freak out over a formula that they will have to do in the future and it seems like too much for them to master. Assign five problems, allow a break, and then have them do five more.

Use colored pencils or markers on a blank page of white paper. Color keeps the creative right side of the brain busy so the analytical left side can be accessed. If the teacher won't allow color, have the student transfer the answer in pencil.

Some students do better while listening to music. Once again, this keeps the right side of the brain busy so the left side can do its job. Make sure the music is calm.

Math doesn't have to be doom and gloom. I recently helped a student who feared math to the point of absolute avoidance. After using some of the strategies above, I finally heard him exclaim with a smile on his face, "Math rocks!" I think that means "math is fun" in kid-speak.

Math Games Improve Your Kid's Intelligence

2010-03-04T01:33:00.000-08:00

A math game is a computer game which is dedicated to the subject of mathematics and hence features games which encompasses common mathematical topics like real world math, problem solving and spirographs.
Mathematics is one of the core subjects in school which is not only a mandatory subject but also an important one since it is through this subject that children get a deep insight into the world of numbers and gradually develop an understanding pertaining to it. Since it is different from other subjects in terms of concepts and logic, children often find it difficult to grasp and understand and furthermore refuse to practice due to the skull-duggery involved. It is with the intention of converting this boredom into fun that the math game has been designed so that it can be utilized for encouraging kids to learn math in an interesting manner which would not only keep them engrossed but clarify and strengthen their fundamentals as well.

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A good math game is the one which has something to offer to every age group and while the games at the younger levels consist of word problems and exercises related to the basic concepts like addition, subtraction, multiplication and division along with logic puzzles, older children can make use of programs like Action-script and Python. Therefore, what would otherwise be a boring classroom session of practicing math is now a fun-filled session which is eagerly awaited by children in which not only do the children acquire a good grasp of the concepts but enjoy learning the subject as well.
A math game is sometimes accompanied by a math video as well which is based on one of the fundamentals of teaching which is 'I see and I remember'.

Tutoring in Elementary Math

2010-03-04T01:28:00.000-08:00

Many students find themselves stressing out about the higher-level math subjects, such as algebra, geometry, and calculus. But as they're scratching their heads at the abstract formulas they're facing in high school, there are some elementary students doing the same thing.
Often times, we forget that because elementary math has been simple for us for many years that young students struggle with it. When we see them struggling, we often feel comfortable diving in and trying to help. Sometimes, this is the role of a tutor. Elementary Math is the Foundation

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One major reason that it's a good idea to seek the assistance of a qualified tutor, either in the traditional face-to-face sense, in a tutoring center, or via reputable online resources, is because of the importance inherent in creating a strong foundation in math. We all know how important math is to our everyday lives. Not to mention that it builds on itself at a rapid pace requiring the student keep up in order to have any success in the future. Think about it, how much success can your child have in middle school pre-algebra if he is not comfortable with basic fractions? The stronger your child's foundation is in the earlier years, the greater probability there will be of success in the future.
You're Not a Certified Tutor ... Are You?
As mentioned previously, just because you understand certain aspects of elementary math doesn't mean that you're qualified to teach it. If you've been helping your child with math homework, but scores are not improving, then you may want to consider an elementary math tutor who is not only skilled in teaching the subject, but also working with young children.
You May Not Remember Everything
While you may feel comfortable teaching some aspects of math on your own, as your child reaches higher levels of elementary math, you may not remember everything that you need to remember to be a good homework helper. For instance, you may be good at the basics: addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. But what about ratio and proportion, measurement and graphing, or area, perimeter and circumference?
Do you remember how to use a protractor? How about a graphing calculator? Trying to remember the foundation of elementary math, along with any technological provisions that may not have been around in your day could make for a difficult homework session if you're not prepared. When considering outside assistance, keep in mind that your tutor will already be up to speed in these areas.
Understand elementary math is a vital to your child's success in future math subjects and should not be taken for granted. So if you see your child is struggling in this subject, it's good to bring a tutor in to strengthen that foundation as soon as possible.

Special Learning Strategies For Elementary Mathematics

2010-03-04T01:27:00.000-08:00

Many children experience anxiety related to mathematics to a certain extent, and this may begin as early as kindergarten. This anxiety can result in poor academic performance in math, many misunderstandings in math content and procedures, and negative attitudes toward math. Obtaining a math tutor may be helpful for many students, but often, parents who have a general understanding of learning strategies for mathematics can provide equally effective help. The following information can help parents, teachers, and tutors provide a basis for mathematics learning for elementary school students.

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Understanding the Learning Progression
First, we need to consider how children best learn. Think about very early learning for children and the idea of "cat". When toddlers see a cat, their parent says, "cat", and pats it, to give the child the name for that object. Later, the child draws a picture, points to it, and says "cat". Eventually, as a child grows, he is able to associate the spoken word "cat" with a mental picture of the animal. This learning progression, from concrete (the real cat) to semi-concrete (the picture) to abstract (the spoken word) is an example of how children learn mathematics as well. To teach a child about triangles, first they need to interact with real triangles - touch them, trace them, see them. This is where manipulatives play a large part in mathematics instruction. Children use hands-on manipulatives to learn the characteristics of math concepts (like a triangle), or use them to show procedures (like adding 4 blocks and 3 blocks). The first learning strategy to use when teaching children new mathematics content, therefore, is to go to the manipulatives.
Learning the Underlying Rules
A second strategy that is helpful for students when learning mathematics is to memorize necessary facts, vocabulary, and rules. Much time is spent in the 1st and 2nd grade with students learning addition and subtraction facts, and an equivalent amount of time is spent in the 3rd and 4th grade with learning multiplication and division facts. Even with this practice time at school, many students have difficulty committing these facts to memory. It is critically important that students memorize these, however, as most later mathematics learning is dependent upon the quick and accurate recall of math facts. Think how difficult it would be for children to add 358 to 472 if they did not have a firm grasp of addition facts? Likewise, how would a student find a common denominator for two fractions if they could not recall basic multiplication facts? A variation of traditional flash cards is 3-sided flash cards. When studying multiplication facts, for example, write one factor in one corner, one factor in another corner, and the product in the final corner. When using these flash cards, cover up the product with your finger, so that the child can see the two factors, and practice multiplying them together. When studying division facts, put your finger over one of the smaller numbers, so they can see the large number and one of the smaller numbers. On your triangle, write 2, 3, and 6 - one number in each corner. When practicing multiplication, cover the 6, so that the child sees 2 and 3, and multiplies them together to get the answer of 6. When practicing division, cover the 2, so that the child calculates 6 divided by 3, to determine the answer of 2.
Helpful Shortcuts
Another strategy that is effective is teaching students the steps of a procedure by using mnemonics. For example, the first letters of Please Excuse My Dear Aunt Sally stand for the steps of the order of operations (parentheses, exponents, multiply, divide, add, subtract). The "family list" of Daddy, Mother, Sister, Brother, Cousins, Relatives indicates the steps for long division (divide, multiply, subtract, bring down, compare, repeat or remainder). Strategies such as these help students remember procedural steps so that they can perform them consistently.
For conceptual learning, like "What is an equilateral triangle?", children learn through the processes of explain, elaborate, illustrate. In this situation, a child should define the equilateral triangle (explain), tell what that means in his own words (elaborate), and draw a picture of it (illustrate).
As with any other type of learning, mathematics strategies can only be learned through consistent application and multiple opportunities to practice.

Math Fact Games For Teaching Elementary Math

2010-03-04T01:07:00.000-08:00

These instant math activities are a fun way to practice math facts.
1.Quick Practice -
Write 40 or so sums on the board - start with 10 single digit addition and subtraction (7 + 8) so that every one can participate. Increase the difficulty as you go along. Add some fun sums like:
1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 9
or 435 783 + 1
or 2+20+200+2000+200000+7

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2. Mystery Sums -
Write the numbers on the board in pairs (23 78). When you are finished writing the numbers, add addition or subtraction signs and ask the class to complete the sums.

3. Shopping -
Ask each student to give you the name of something you can buy at the shops. Write these on the board with its price (eg jeans $5O). When this is done tell the students that they have $200 (or any other amount)to spend. What will they buy? Students write out the sum used to determine this in full. Continue this with different characters ( a 16 year old girl, an 80 year old man, a new mother).

4. Student Drill -
Give each student a slip of paper and ask them to write a single or double digit sum on it (17 + 18). Collect these and write them on the board for the class to do.

5. Student Birthdays -
Ask 10 or more students the date of their birthday and write these on the board as sums for the class to do
(eg February 4 2000 becomes 2+4+2000=2006).

Finance and Banking Education

2010-02-28T06:29:00.000-08:00

Courses in the field can encompass a broad variety of topics relevant to the financial industry. You can get good training in finance and banking right at your local school!
In general, vocational schools will offer education leading to a certificate of completion, or a two-year Associate of Science (AS) degree. Vocational courses in finance and banking can include topics such as Accounting, Bank Operations, Banking Law, Basic Economics, Business, Business Math, Computer Technology, Communications, Human Relations, Management, and Sales.

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Finance and Banking schools may also provide specialized classes in Bank Management, Investment Banking, Public Relations, Marketing, Business Finance, Commercial Lending, Consumer Law and Lending Practices, Home Mortgages, and Real Estate and Real Property. An AS degree would be a good first step, and would qualify the student to enroll in a Bachelor degree program, and then a Master degree program, if desired.
Those who possess Associate or Bachelor degrees in Finance and Banking may acquire gainful employment as account clerks, bank tellers, budget analysts, and customer service representatives. Other career opportunities would include financial managers, insurance sales agents and underwriters, loan and credit clerks, loan officers and counselors, and real estate brokers and/or sales agents. Earning potential for those with graduate degrees, including Master Degrees in Finance and Banking, can climb as high as $100k or more per year.

Learn Math

2010-02-28T05:57:00.000-08:00

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Learn Math Through Poetry

Since mathematics as a whole is a difficult subject to learn, maybe different approaches are needed to enhance the teaching of this discipline. Certainly the hands-on method gives students a tactile perspective to the inner workings of this subject, while the real-life applications approach lets students see and understand how mathematics is actually used in life and in different worldly settings. Could poetry be another approach through which to teach and learn this most fascinating subject?
There is an interesting story behind the creation of my work Poems for the Mathematically Insecure. While I was tutoring one of my learning disabled students, he asked me to do something for him for pi day. For those of you who do not know, pi day is March 14 of any year (March 14 is 3/14) and the decimal approximation to the famous mathematical constant known as pi is 3.14. Every year in schools across the country, math teachers like students to do some special project involving the number pi.
While sitting there tutoring him, I asked him if he would like me to put together a poem on pi. He naturally said yes, and while he worked on some practice examples I gave him, I sat there and hammered out the lines to a poem which would be called Wonderful Pi. I decided to keep a copy for myself to use in my classrooms the next day, assigning one volunteer in each class to read the poem aloud. What came out of this experience was the idea to write a collection of math poems--some humorous, some witty, some pedagogical--which would both teach and entertain the reader. Thus during the summer of 2003, I worked on the novel collection of verse called Poems for the Mathematically Insecure. In this collection, the reader finds the humorous Help, Please Help, Teacher! and the instructive Chief SOHCAHTOA, the latter of which teaches the basics of trigonometry in a torrent of rhyming verse. Now how's that for teaching math in a novel manner!
The textbook approach to learning mathematics definitely has its place in the classroom. Indeed there is a limit and some restrictions to what math can be learned from poetry, but these limitations are mostly imposed by the confines of our minds. As educators, we must constantly look for new and interesting ways to pique our students' interest, and manners in which to break through learning barriers. Learning math through poetry just might be an instructive way to accomplish these objectives. We might churn out some good poets as well as good mathematicians. What an interesting thought.

School Math Be More Than

2010-02-28T05:04:00.000-08:00

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Home school parents tend to look for mastery of subjects before moving forward. This is demonstrated when parents insist on "more than normal work" in difficult subjects like math and science. Whereas public and private schools may not complete a math textbook during a school year, some home school parents will consider a year unsuccessful unless the book is finished. This can lead to an excessive number of hours spent on one subject. One mom reported to me that her son did all 344 lessons in Pre-calculus and easily spent more than 10 hours per week on his math lessons. Her question was whether she ought to give her son more than one high school credit for his effort.
Unfortunately, one complete high school course like Pre-calculus is one whole credit. One textbook is also one credit - even if it takes forever. Even if you count more than 120 hours, it's still just one credit. When we did swim team, for example, it was hundreds of hours but still just one credit a year for PE. It's a big, beefy, manly credit because it's Pre-calculus, and you can be proud of that!
Now is a good time to mention that you don't have to count hours AND count textbooks. You can measure credit value by counting hours OR by completing a textbook, but don't measure both ways. If you use a textbook, measure credits that way, and don't bother counting hours.
You may decide that your son deserves something more than just one credit on his transcript. If so, you might consider giving him honors credit to account for all the additional work he did for his class. You are in control of your child's education. I'm just here to give my opinion based on my years of experience and gray hairs.

Overview on Degree Programs in Mathematics Education

2010-02-28T03:50:00.000-08:00

If your answer is yes then there various options to become mathematics tutor. Either you can follow an education degree at the master's or bachelor's degree level and have your regular education training in math, or you may even earn a math degree at different levels and then have training with the necessary coursework. Nevertheless, if you are already a mathematics teacher and looking forward to advancing your career then selecting a degree program in mathematics can be the best option. These days many colleges and universities in the United States are offering mathematics education programs that may further help you improve your individual proficiency.

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Generally, a degree program in mathematics education primarily focuses on math-specific education training along with the general education necessities that are necessary for every professional licensure. The degree programs can be broadly categorized into two sub-categories, mainly the bachelor's and master's degree. The bachelor's degree in mathematics education focuses on a science prospectus along with math-focused tutor training. In addition to this, the bachelor's degree program primarily includes learning of mathematics in different areas and provides mathematics major as a specialization. Moreover, the coursework includes studies in math-centric topics and classroom administration.
If we carefully look at the employment prospects for mathematics education degree graduates, it actually seems to be very bright. As an actuary, you may use your logical skills to calculate and manage risk for banking, financial services, and insurance industries. Adding to this, in recent times a serious scarcity of math teachers exists has further created the growing demand for bright new mathematics tutors. Today as a graduate of the mathematics education degree program or being mathematics major, you can definitely pursue a great career in the education industry.

Power Tips to Get Past the Math Barrier

2010-02-28T03:09:00.000-08:00

Nontrads (non-traditional students) are those who do not follow the traditional path of completing high school and then immediately enrolling in college or university. They are often over 25 years of age and may have been in the job market or been stay-at-home parents prior to making the decision to pursue a higher education degree or certificate. Most of them share one common concern: getting through the math general studies requirement.
This is a valid concern. Math is developmental in that your knowledge and skills in math are added to in successive courses with each class being a critical stone in the foundation necessary for passing general studies math (often College Algebra or Finite Math). If you had a couple of bad years or if you have been away from math for some time you really won't know until you try if it is going to be like getting back on a bicycle or getting run over by a truck.
Speaking from my years of tutoring, helping, and teaching nontrads, here are some tips and suggestions:

1. TURN TO MIDDLE SCHOOL AND HIGH SCHOOL MATH BOOKS TO PREPARE YOU. Problems with any math course are situated in prior courses. In other words, If you anticipate having problems in College Algebra, the problem will not be with understanding the new material as much as in not being able to pull together the foundational knowledge and skills from High School Algebra II. If you had the stuff of Algebra II at the tips of your fingertips, you would be able to draw from that to use in the slightly higher application level of College Algebra. Middle school and early high school texts will help you return to the foundations you need and will do it in a way that is simple, clear, and not as rushed as the one chapter review that is often at the beginning of a College Algebra text. In fact, it is the compressed first chapter that often contributes to a loss of hope at a critical point in the new beginning for a non-traditional student.

2. GET YOUR OWN SUPPORT GROUP. Vow from the beginning that you will encourage and support each other through the challenges ahead. Pick carefully. Avoid negative personalities that will drag you down instead of working alongside of you. Pick someone you can communicate with, someone who will listen and "speak the truth in love." Hopefully, this person will be as focused as you and will persevere to the completion of the degree.

3. ASK ABOUT THE PROFESSORS. Before you commit to a particular section and teacher, do what smart college students do: ask about the professors. Do this with a discerning ear. If you detect that the person giving you the lowdown on Professor H is a whiner, then take that information with a grain of salt. Ask several others about Professor H and put together an overall profile of that teachers style, classroom practices, and personality. As a nontrad, you really don't want the easiest path because you know by now that learning is hard and you would rather REALLY learn now so the job that you will be dependent upon is easier later. The nontraditional support group or center on campus may be able to help you. It's possible that center employees would not be comfortable with naming names and steering you away from that professor who is a real jerk. But I bet the students working and congregating there would give you an earful!

4. IF NECESSARY, DROP BACK A LEVEL. Most colleges and universities will give you a free diagnostic test to tell you if you are ready to start with the general studies math course or if you should drop back to a developmental math course that is at a lower level. If you have any doubts, take the test and find out. It's better to put in a semester firming up the foundations and then sailing through College Algebra or Finite Math than it is to fail and lose the semester and a whole lot of confidence and forward momentum.
During the Class

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5. ATTITUDE IS ALMOST EVERYTHING. I used to have students ask, "How important is this class? The class was College Algebra so my initial answer was, "How much do you want to graduate?" If you have to pass a class in order to graduate, then that class is pretty important. But I point to the question above because it indicates a bad attitude--what I call a stopper attitude. A bad attitude toward math will stop you from learning and from doing the things you must do in order to be successful. If you detect a bad attitude toward math, you must deal with it. It's just an emotion--change it.
I once worked with a nontrad who fought and railed against math on a daily basis as I tried to tutor her in the Beginning Algebra course. You should quit." "You're right," I continued. "You should quit wasting your time here and get a job in fast food." The next day she marched into the tutoring center with an expansive smile on her face and said, "I've made friends with math." From that point on, she excelled in math and I had the pleasure of teaching her College Algebra (she earned an A) and helping her through her teacher education math courses. She truly had made friends with math and it reciprocated by being more friendly with her.
6. ABSORB HOW OTHERS THINK. Similar to number two, join or create a study group that meets daily during the week. Your goal, in addition to contributing all you are able to help your friends, is to be affected (or infected) by how they think about math. Many make the mistake of using group study time to accumulate facts about solving problems and don't focus on HABITS OF MIND. You want to have your thinking change to be more like that of another student who is doing well in an area of math. Look for the categories in which their successful ways of thinking fall. For example, does this student always do well with a particular kind of problem because that kind lends itself well to drawing a diagram? 7. PURSUE MASTERY, NOT JUST COMPLETING ASSIGNMENTS. Here's the secret: the skills it takes to teach something are the identical skills necessary to master it. This is an alignment that is important if you as a nontrad are going to milk this college education for all it is worth. While the traditional students are "getting by" or even "getting good grades," you are going to master the material. You can wind up with a degree or an education. If you pursue mastery, you will learn on a deeper layer and you will have the skills and insights necessary to apply what you have learned--you will have an education, not merely a degree. So while others are completing the assigned problems, you will work additional problems and analyze what concepts are behind the problems, what categories the problems fall into, what tools you use to solve problems in each of the categories, etc. You will "teach" the math section to see if you understand it well enough to speak it out loud-even if you have to go into the rest room and lock the door to do so in private. When you teach the material out loud, new and different connections are made in your mind and you will gain insights you would never have merely from reading and working problems. Find a way to teach it on a white board or a big piece of paper so new associations will become evident to you as you feel the motion of arrows and lines that connect ideas together. To master it, you will teach it and gain the insights of a teacher.

Math, Not Magic

2010-02-28T01:59:00.000-08:00

Change is coming to America. Barack Obama said it, and the American people proved open to his message. Are you ready to put your mortgage on a diet? A paradigm shift is necessary. Utilizing banking tools and making every dollar either earn interest or cancel interest is the best debt buster and wealth builder.
Are you open to changing the way you pay off your debt and build wealth? Begin with changing the way you pay off your 30 year mortgage. Forty and fifty year mortgages are now being offered in both the U.S. and Canada. In fact, 50% of mortgages in Canada today are amortized over 40 years (in the past, that number was usually 25). Change continues, whether in America or Canada. The Canadian government recently said it would no longer back mortgages over 35 years. If you are near my age (55), I imagine a lot of you nodding recognition. Perhaps you recall the improved days of AAA Trip Tickets guiding you to your destination? Still younger? If you've never known anything other than a GPS for easy navigation, maps probably sound ancient, and me, old. What did we do before GPS systems? Although 40/50 year mortgages initially surfaced during the high interest rates of the 80's in the U.S., today they are a result of the rise in property prices in both Canada and the United States. They offer the only way many people can afford a monthly mortgage payment that allows them enough extra to put food on the table. The bad news is that these mortgages create, not just greater long-term debt but, life-long debt. A borrower with the 50-year mortgage builds equity very slowly. In USA Today (May of 2006), mortgage experts cautioned that they are best-suited for those who plan to stay in their home for about five years, while the loan's interest rate remains fixed. Do you desire financial freedom? If you answered in the affirmative, you must choose the best debt busters and wealth builders:
Think and perform like a bank, learning to utilize the banking tools of interest accumulation, interest float, and interest cancellation
Utilize a Personal Financial GPS that creates discipline and calculates in more complex ways
Understand the bottom line consequences of your spending habits, realizing that it can change your life
Like the GPS in your car, my Personal Financial GPS does not ask, Where have you been? Once you begin, the system gives specific directions, taking the fastest and most efficient route as it leads you to your new destination, financial freedom. I ask people questions such as, "How much are you earning from the equity in your home?" I nod my head in agreement, saying "Exactly...ZERO!" Ouch! The truth hurts. That's when you know you need the best debt buster, Mortgage On A Diet.Most people realize you can do the following:
Make large lump sum payments to your principal and pay down your mortgage sooner
Make biweekly payments and pay off your thirty-year mortgage in twenty-three years
Refinance and pull out your equity
Sell your home and keep your equity
What's the caveat with the above scenarios? Do you have "under the mattress" money or winnings from the lottery to apply against the principal balance? That would apply to number one. I don't make biweekly payments because it means pulling cash out of my pocket. That leaves out number two. Number three? Good luck with this approach in today's economic climate. You are darn lucky if the bank will do a HELOC (Home Equity Line Of Credit) at 80% LTV (Loan to Value). With almost one in five homeowners in a negative equity position, meaning they owe more than their home is worth, you can kiss that opportunity good-bye. Homes are not selling quickly, nor are they selling for what the homeowner is asking. The answer is a ditto to number three. WHAT EQUITY?

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As an investor, I like to gain by utilizing OPM (other people's money). I'm paying off my mortgages and debt in record time without taking a penny out of my pocket. I'm not refinancing, changing my mortgage payments, or altering my spending habits. I opened my mind to think like a bank. I realized there are things I can do to cancel interest and manage my cash flow, using my Personal Financial GPSto significantly alter my path to financial freedom. It's just math...not magic.
Did I also mention that investing at a very conservative 6% the money from years of "no mortgage payment" will make me a millionaire, rather than simply a bona fide home owner? That fits my idea of financial freedom better than simply dancing in the street at my mortgage burning party. Let's face it. I need some help. America needs some help. Watch out Canada. I welcome a tool that offers a financial dashboard, and shows me the bottom line consequences of my debt and spending habits, as it adapts to my real life situations. As a real estate investor, I research and remain open to tools for creating my financial freedom. Likewise, I have a responsibility to clients, such as those who lease option from me, to offer the best available on the market. Personally, I didn't want to talk about change, while continuing down the old financial path. I am excited about a system that levels the playing field and creates equality for all people. That is what the American dream is supposed to incorporate. Carpe Diem!

Planning to Succeed With Math

2010-02-28T01:48:00.000-08:00

Succeeding with math may seem intimidating at first. Many people are haunted by the boring math classes they took in high school. However, math doesn't have to be boring. Actually, it can be quite useful and proves to be so in the real world. Often times math is not the issue. No matter how difficult the subject a good teacher made it interesting and engaging. Here is an outline to help to succeed at math.
First, determine how math is going to play into your success. Will it help you land a job? Will it allow you more career opportunities? With the advent of calculators, many people have become dependent on such devices.
Sure, basic math is easy to do on a calculator but what about knowing how to figure out percentages? Or other complex equations?

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Next, venture to your local library for books on the particular kind of math you wish to improve on. Starting at an elementary level to refresh your skills would be the best place to start.
Use the internet, DVDs, videos etc to learn the subject on your schedule.
Once you have armed yourself with these resources, start implementing the math as soon as possible. Try doing the math manually, rather than using a calculator. It will force you to master each equation.

How Much Math For College Admission?

2010-02-28T01:36:00.000-08:00

Parents with home-schooled children struggling in math sometimes ask what minimum level of math is necessary for high school graduation and college admission.
One parent asked me if Algebra I and Geometry was sufficient. If your child wants to go to college, then Algebra 2 is very important. It's extremely helpful to take Algebra 2 before taking The SAT, to increase their score on that college admission test. Algebra 1, Algebra 2 and Geometry are important to most colleges, although there are some colleges without a math requirement.
There will always be time to fit in other math classes, like consumer math, either before or after Algebra 2. This may help your child feel more comfortable before moving on to the next level of math.

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Bank of College Testing (University Entrance Exam - Snmptn, Simak UI, Smup Unpad, Um Upi, UMB PTN / UMB PTS)/ UM Undip, UM UGM, UM Unibraw, SMBB Telkom, STAN etc.

For a child interested in starting an online business, you may want to point toward a business degree, just to increase interest in college. Try to encourage her interests in a home business so that you can encourage her to develop the talents she will need to run the business herself. Even home businesses have a LOT of math (believe me, I know!) and it will help her to have a good understanding of math and communication skills that a business degree requires.

How to Prepare For Math

2010-02-28T01:29:00.000-08:00

When you are comparing math programs, success in the upper grades depends a lot on getting good support. A good video tutorial can often make the difference between success and failure for upper level home-school math.

Once your child gets older, it is very important to make sure the video is a good fit with the student - even more important than if the video is a good fit for you, the teacher. Because at some point, your goal is for your student to be self-teaching in math.

Download Drill of National Exam 2010 - Math

Download Drill of Math - UN SMA 2010
(equipped with a complete solution)

Download Drill of Math - UN MA 2010
(equipped with a complete solution)

Download Drill of Math - UN SMK 2010
(equipped with a complete solution)

Download Drill of Math - UN SMP / MTs 2010
(equipped with a complete solution)

Download Drill of Math - UASBN SD / MI 2010
(equipped with a complete solution)

Preparation for the SAT will involve
1) getting far enough into math in general and 2) practicing using SAT practice tests. The SAT does have trick questions and a penalty for guessing, so a high score has as much to do with understanding the test inside and out, as it does with knowledge.
Following them into each subject can allow them to soak up learning without all the negatives.
Children sometimes learn faster and other times slower - but never at a steady pace. If you are unsure where your kids are in math, it is sometimes a good idea to give them the end of chapter test first, and then work that chapter at a normal pace if they don't already know the material. Don't waste your time teaching your kids what they already know.

Bachelor Degree - Math

2010-02-19T07:28:00.001-08:00

Why anybody would want to get a bachelor degree in math is a mystery. When you think about it, when you get out of college with a bachelor degree in math, what can you possibly do with it besides teach? You're certainly not prepared for any practical applications. Sure, you could get a job as an actuary but is that REALLY why you majored in math in the first place? Well, for those of you who still want to get a bachelor degree in math, hang onto your hats because the ride you're in for is far from easy. Math is probably one of the hardest disciplines anybody could possibly want to go through. The math courses alone are so hard that no other courses are needed to make your four years of college a living nightmare. Think we're kidding? Take a look at just the math curriculum itself and then decide if this is something that you think you can tackle with no sweat.
Your first two semesters of college math throw you right into the fire. This is where you learn Calculus. The courses are usually Calculus I and II. Calculus is probably one of the most difficult courses ever devised by man. How anybody even thought of this stuff is a puzzle. Talk about math that you're never going to use in your life unless you become a scientist or an engineer.

Your next two semesters, or year two, give you a break from calculus. This is where you take Advanced, or Abstract Algebra. Engineers don't even use most of this stuff.
Now you've reached year three and you're back to Calculus again. This is where you finish up your training in Calculus with Calculus III and IV. The concepts in these courses are so abstract and so far removed from any real world math, you'd have to be a near genius to understand this stuff.

By year four, if you're still a math major, you're down to what they call "Independent Research" where you basically are on your own, but under the guidance of your advisor. You'll do some kind of major paper on math principals or maybe even Newton for all you know. You still have 24 more courses to fill in your time with. Because you've chosen one of the science majors, you're also going to have to take at least two semesters of either chemistry, physics or some other related science. Yes, we are talking about some more ridiculously hard material.
So if you really want to be a math major, just remember one thing. You will most certainly earn your bachelor degree in math. If you survive it.

Online Math Programs

2010-02-19T07:26:00.000-08:00

Nowadays you can find a great variety of online math programs. Honestly, as a teacher, I don't believe that any subject, especially Math, can be tutored online. The only way I know to teach mathematics is face-to-face. From my point of view, the online math programs available are not good, all they do is to confuse the child with complicated charts and answers which without a teacher's explanation, would be quite discouraging and may have only a negative impact on the child.

However, there are some online math programs that have proved to be quite helpful. For instance, there are some sites offering free online multiplication games. This is a great way for your kid to practice multiplication drills and have fun at the same time. I hate to see children bored with calculating with paper and pen. I believe it's good if they also play such math games that help them learn more. Since the online game doesn't differs from the normal math, than I can only encourage youngsters to play it. But many other online math programs are simply trash. If you cannot learn your algebra in school then how can you learn it from online math setup? There is a much better way to learn mathematics than online programs - you can try the local tutorial centers. Furthermore, many schools nowadays offer tutoring and homework help. I would definitely agree that hiring a tutor is much more expensive than finding online math programs but you should consider what's best for your child. Online math doesn't give you the personal connections or the custom tailored explanations. Your child needs face to face contact. If your child has difficulty in English, history, math or any other subject, then you better consider tutoring instead of online math programs.

Math Courses Online

2010-02-18T09:31:00.001-08:00

Math Courses Online